Macular Degeneration

What is macular degeneration?

Macular degeneration, often referred to as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), is a widespread eye disease that impacts your macula, the area of the retina responsible for clear, central vision. It typically occurs in people over 50 and is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults. 

While it doesn't cause total blindness, it can make daily activities like reading, driving, or recognizing faces difficult.

What are the symptoms of macular degeneration?

The symptoms of macular degeneration usually develop gradually and may not be noticeable at first. As the disease progresses, you may experience:

• Blurred or fuzzy central vision
• Difficulty seeing in low light
• Straight lines appearing wavy or distorted
• A dark or empty area in the center of your vision
• Trouble recognizing faces

Peripheral (side) vision usually remains unaffected, so the condition doesn't cause complete blindness. However, the loss of central vision can still be very disruptive to everyday life.

What causes macular degeneration?

Macular degeneration is most commonly age-related, but several factors can contribute to its development. The two main types include:

Dry AMD

Dry AMD is the more common form, caused by the thinning of your macula over time and the buildup of small yellow deposits called drusen.

Wet AMD

Wet AMD is less common but more severe. It occurs when abnormal blood vessels grow under your retina and leak fluid or blood, causing rapid vision loss.

Risk factors include:

• Aging (especially over 60)
• Smoking
• Family history of AMD
• High blood pressure or heart disease
• Obesity
• Poor diet low in leafy greens and antioxidants

Recognizing these risk factors can help you take preventive steps. Your Hamilton Vistasite Eye Care doctor can monitor your vision and catch any changes early.

How is macular degeneration treated?

While there’s no cure for macular degeneration, treatments can slow its progression and help preserve vision. For dry AMD, lifestyle changes such as a healthy diet, nutritional supplements, and managing risk factors can help.

For wet AMD, treatments include anti-VEGF injections to stop the growth of abnormal blood vessels and laser therapy, in some cases, to destroy leaking vessels.

If you're over 50 or have risk factors, talk to your Hamilton Vistasite Eye Care professional about routine screenings to protect your vision. Call today to schedule an eye exam or use the online scheduler now.